Reflective Post

Graffiti in Urban areas are seen throughout the country. J. Jones, M. Moraldo and A. Dookeran all shared some aspect of art in their blogs which showcased the culture of Trinidad and Tobago.

Graffiti and the Environment

“Graffiti is an impulse to get recognized”

― Mint&Serf

Graffiti is a major part of the urban environment. For many people growing up in the urban areas, graffiti offers inspiration that encourages their creativity and expression through different avenues. Through researching graffiti in P.O.S I was turned over to many artistic individuals whose creative outlets included body art. This just goes to show, that even though graffiti may be considered as vandalism of property by many, it still inspires many. It was so refreshing to hear their delight when I asked about areas where I could find the most prominent pieces of graffiti.

Not only does graffiti seek to inspire through the environment it also has its negative impacts. Traditional paint based graffiti release toxic chemicals into the environment.

Urban Politics

“Art is an evolutionary act. The shape of art and its role in society is constantly changing. At no point is art static. There are no rules.”

― Raymond Salvatore Harmon, BOMB: A Manifesto of Art Terrorism

Photo taken along St James, P.O.S

In the urban landscape, according to the Burgess Model, the transition zone is outside the CBD and takes advantage of  labor for industrial activities. Areas outside the CBD in P.O.S are areas such as Sea Lots and Laventille.

Looking for graffiti throughout P.O.S many political complaints where plastered on walls, but due to the crime rate in the areas these writings were on it was a too risky to go in. However, in  a political sense, many marginalized communities surrounding the CBD in Trinidad often use public walls to use writing on walls as a form of protest.

How Much For Da Graffiti?

“Speak softly, but carry a big can of paint.” 
― Banksy, Wall and Piece.

The reality of the situation when it comes to graffiti - be it street art or writings on walls, is graffiti hurts alot of people; homeoenwers, businesses, schools and communities. It's cost on society can be looked at in terms of decrease in retail sales, safety and clean up costs.

The photo above was taken along St. James Street, P.O.S it is basically a tag done by "kraze". Throughout the city there are multiple tags done by "Kraze". However, what may just seem like the tagging of an empty space to claim an identity or to gain recognition for others does have serious effects. There is a perception that graffiti is associated with blight and alarms patrons of the city of gang activity (Weisel, 2002). It gives the impression that the city is spiraling downward because which can cause many businesses to loose appeal to consumers.
In terms of safety, because of the presence of graffiti in an area many patrons may feel unsafe in that area because if vandalism is tolerated more serious crimes may be unchallenged. Shockingly, in Trinidad the owner or occupant of  a property that graffiti is found one may be required to clean it up at their own cost! (Judging from all the graffiti that persists throughout P.O.S it leaves one to wonder if this law is enforced.

Urban City Home of Graffiti

“Everyone has to scratch on walls somewhere or they go crazy” 
― Michael Ondaatje, In the Skin of a Lion.
Photo taken: Wrightson Road, P.O.S

Do  graffitists live in the city? Do they just choose to vandalize city? If so, why?

The image above was taken along Wrightson road, the entrance of company. This picture was taken from a moving vehicle  hence the words couldn't be made out properly.

In terms of why graffiti artists choose to frequently vandalize the urban area rather than a rural area this may be due to the importance of urban areas. Many urban areas if not all, are the host of MNC's, TNC's, government agencies and other local businesses. In Port of Spain, I would imagine graffiti being done there because that is where the "image" or "opinions" they're trying to get accross would

get the most exposure. For instance, the Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago is in Port of Spain thus many of our countries top figures will see the graffiti plastered on walls and this is the kind                 of recognition that most individuals seek when trying to portrayal a social concern.                                

Whereas, in some rural areas graffiti seems to be virtually non existent because these areas are usually not the center of attention. Thus, it can be said that one of the reasons for graffiti being common in the urban landscape is due to the importance of the urban area itself. 

It is important to note that  contemporary graffiti's connection to post-modernism in urban areas certainly began as a response to the flaws of modernism but it was able to establish itself as an independent discipline that understood how to manage and employ meaning within a cultural context.

Show Me Your Graffiti and I'll Tell You Who You Are.

“Some people become cops because they want to make the world a better place. Some people become vandals because they want to make the world a better looking place.”
-Banksy

Graffiti shows more than illustrations plastered on walls. It tells alot about changes in customs and attitudes (Stocker et al., 1972). For instance, graffiti can reflect the attitude and values on main cultural themes. The image above clearly sends the message of love and peace as compared to the image below.

Throughout many areas in P.O.S which seemed a little too sketchy to enter, there were lots of homosexual writings and political slogans. These writings show the attitude of the individuals responsible for these acts and what they think of various issues popular in Trinidad.

Graffiti For Yuh Money

“Graffiti is one of the few tools you have if you have almost nothing. And even if you don't come up with a picture to cure world poverty you can make someone smile while they're having a piss.” - Banksy

Graffiti has been condemned by many to be an act of crime and vandalism. However, the presence of graffiti has increased over the years, the number of articles on graffiti has increased in popular magazines by 40% from the 1950's to 1970's (Ley and Cybriwsky, 1974).
The picture above illustrates how graffiti style art has become a tool of advertising. Graffiti has a captive audience, a condition it shares with advertising (Dovey et al.,2012). In my opinion, this style shown above has obviously emerged from real graffiti found all throughout P.O.S.  It makes sense to use graffiti style paintings on buildings as not only is it quite unique and eye catching, it also attracts a younger crowd to the place.

To borrow a past graffito: " Today's graffiti are tomorrow's headlines"  (Ley and Cybriwsky, 1974). A current trend that has emerged in the Global North is advertising using "clean graffiti or reverse graffiti". Upon much research, this trend is an environmentally friendly, low cost advertising solution that can reach hundreds if thousands of people in a day. Due to the lack of chemicals used, this form of advertising is biodegradable and have attracted large businesses such as Microsoft and BBC.
Through the emergence of graffiti as a form of advertising this trend has trickled down to Trinidad's advertising strategy. This is a direct indication of the impact that the global north and media has on the global south.

References:

• Kim, Dovey, Simon Wollan, and Ian Woodcock, 2012. "Placing Graffiti: Creating and Contesting Character in Inner-city Melbourne."
• Ley, D. and Cybriwsky, R., 1974. URBAN GRAFFITI AS TERRITORIAL MARKERS*. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 64(4), pp.491--505.

  Related articles:

• http://www.reversegraffiti.co.uk/reverse-graffiti-advertising.html

Hey public space may i leave my mark on you?

‘In a city that belongs to no-one, people are constantly seeking to leave a trace of themselves…’ (Sennett 1990:205)
Photo taken along St James Street P.O.S

 The role of space in everyday life has become of importance as more and more public spaces are becoming privatized. The picture above displays a rather public wall in the city being marked as a tagger's own private space. Typically in urban environments space is a rare commodity and a privilege for those who can afford it. Many graffiti artists do not have ownership of space in urban areas and may seize any opportunity they have to "own" such space by marking on private or public spaces (Gunes et al., 2006).
In cities where space is a privilege, graffiti artists' view on space is quite different than the typical citizen. They view space in an absolute sense where it is free until it becomes occupied. These "underutilized" spaces are then used by the graffiti artists to leave their mark on to be identified by their peers and showcase their skills to the rest of the graffiti artists (Bandaranaike, 2001).
In today's world where graffiti has evolved from gang graffiti or tagger graffiti to artistic graffiti, it is viewed as a spatial phenomena that allows for artists to defend a space for themselves in an urban landscape (Gunes et al., 2006). Due to the positioning of graffiti on public and private property that near to public spaces, graffiti has become prominent in urban landscapes as they are seen all throughout the world in many different cities. As mentioned in previous blogs, graffiti work has also gained attention from many tourists, so it has become etched as apart of an urban landscape.

References:  

• Gunes, Serkan and Yilmaz, Gulsen (2006) Understanding Graffiti in the Built Environment, 42^nd ISoCaRP Congress 2006.
• Bandaranaike, S. 2001. Graffiti: A culture of aggression or assertion? The Character, Impact and Prevention of Crime in Regional Australia Conference, 2-3 August 2001.

Tagger's Irony

"People say graffiti is ugly, irresponsible and childish... but that's only if it's done properly.” 
― Banksy, Wall and Piece.
Taken along Wrightson Road

Isn't  this photo ironic, that taggers speak about people coming at thieves at night, when they themselves come at night to tag buildings, walls and other public spaces? I couldn't help but laugh at the irony of this. 

In today's blog, I shall attempt to look at whether urban graffiti is simply street art or vandalism? The distinction between the two seems to be a little unclear. Vandalism and street art are often regarded as complete opposites, vandalism as destruction and street art as creation (Dovey, Wollan and Woodcock 2012,2). In some cities, such as Melbourne Australia, they are famous for their graffiti. The Lonely Planet travel guide listed Melbourne's inner city as one of the city's premier tourist attractions. Upon researching this city's graffiti I was stunned to see the amazing detailed pieces of graffiti plastered along streets. This brings me to my  question, is this considered street art? Or vandalism? Or both maybe? Melbourne sure is gaining tourist attention for their graffiti filled streets which would contribute to their economy. However, officials have stated that graffiti is not the way they want Melbourne to be portrayed, which brings me to another question, if such graffiti is attracting positive attention why isn't it referred to as street art? Why isn't it embraced? 

I can personally understand why graffiti may be looked at as vandalism when it's done to deface architectural sites and done to individual's private property, but when a truly amazing piece is done to an empty wall on the corner or back lot I can appreciate that and call it street art.  It shows an unexpected side to urban culture that creates a renewal in interest in many areas. 

References: 

Kim, Dovey, Simon Wollan, and Ian Woodcock, 2012. "Placing Graffiti: Creating and Contesting Character in Inner-city Melbourne." 

Dovey, Kim, Simon Wollan and Ian Woodcock. "Placing Graffiti: Creating and Contesting Character in Inner-city Melbourne." Journal of Urban Design vol 17, no. 1 (2012): 2.

Related articles: 

• http://artradarjournal.com/2010/01/21/what-is-street-art-vandalism-graffiti-or-public-art-part-i